The Population Council tackles intersecting inequalities that undermine rights and access to contraception, HIV and STI prevention, maternal and newborn health, safe abortion, prevention and treatment of infertility, and sexuality education, among other sexual and reproductive health needs. Our research and partnerships ensure high quality, evidence-based, voluntary, and rights-based comprehensive care for sexual and reproductive health.

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Submissions from 2009

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Cadmium-induced testicular injury, Erica R. Siu, Dolores D. Mruk, Catarina S. Porto, and C. Yan Cheng

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Capacity building: Creating a culture of evidence-based decisionmaking, Frontiers in Reproductive Health

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Central modifications of allopregnanolone and β-endorphin following subcutaneous administration of Nestorone, E. Lenzi, N. Pluchino, S. Begliuomini, E. Casarosa, S. Merlini, A. Giannini, M. Luisi, Narender Kumar, Régine Sitruk-Ware, and A.R. Genazzani

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Changes in sexual risk taking with antiretroviral treatment: Influence of context and gender norms in Mombasa, Kenya, Avina Sarna, Matthew F. Chersich, Jerry Okoth Okal, Stanley Luchters, Kishorchandra N. Mandaliya, Naomi Rutenberg, and Marleen Temmerman

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Characterization of a novel gain of function glucocorticoid receptor knock-in mouse, Junhui Zhang, Renshan Ge, Catherine Matte-Martone, Julie Goodwin, Warren D. Shlomchik, Mark J. Mamula, Ali Kooshkabadi, Matthew P. Hardy, and David Geller

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Combined transdermal testosterone gel and the progestin Nestorone suppresses serum gonadotropins in men, Vahid Mahabadi, John K. Amory, Ronald S. Swerdloff, William J. Bremner, Stephanie T. Page, Régine Sitruk-Ware, Peter D. Christensen, Narender Kumar, Yun-yen Tsong, Diana Blithe, and Christina Wang

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Commercial sex workers in five Ethiopian cities: A baseline survey for USAID Targeted HIV Prevention Program for most-at-risk populations, Woldemariam Girma and Annabel Erulkar

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Community interventions providing care and support to orphans and vulnerable children: A review of evaluation evidence, Katie D. Schenk

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Comprehensive care and HIV prophylaxis after sexual assault in rural South Africa: The Refentse intervention study, Julia C. Kim, Ian Askew, Lufuno Muvhango, Ntabozuko Dwane, Tanya Abramsky, Stephen Jan, Ennica Ntlemo, Jane Chege, and Charlotte Watts

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Connexin 43 and plakophilin-2 as a protein complex that regulates blood-testis barrier dynamics, Michelle W.M. Li, Dolores D. Mruk, Will M. Lee, and C. Yan Cheng

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Coordinating cellular events during spermatogenesis: A biochemical model, Pearl P.Y. Lie, C. Yan Cheng, and Dolores D. Mruk

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Cytokines and junction restructuring events during spermatogenesis in the testis: An emerging concept of regulation, Michelle W.M. Li, Dolores D. Mruk, Will M. Lee, and C. Yan Cheng

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Day of Dialogue: Sharing insights and evidence on the female condom in Ghana, Population Council

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Deprival of testicular innervation induces apoptosis of Leydig cells via caspase-8-dependent signaling: A novel survival pathway revealed, Yong-Guang Gong, Yi-Qiu Wang, Min Gu, Ming-Ming Feng, Wei Zhang, and Renshan Ge

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Different cardiovascular effects of progestins according to structure and activity, Anita Nath and Régine Sitruk-Ware

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Disruption of the blood-testis barrier integrity by bisphenol A in vitro: Is this a suitable model for studying blood-testis barrier dynamics?, Michelle W.M. Li, Dolores D. Mruk, Will M. Lee, and C. Yan Cheng

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Distribution, metabolism and excretion of a synthetic androgen 7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone, a potential male-contraceptive, Pramod Vishwanath Prasad, Ramamani Arumugam, Mark Willman, Renshan Ge, Régine Sitruk-Ware, and Narender Kumar

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Double-stranded RNA analog poly(I:C) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus amplification in dendritic cells via type I interferon-mediated activation of APOBEC3G, Susanna Trapp, Nina Derby, Rachel Singer, Andrew Shaw, Vennansha G. Williams, Stuart G. Turville, Julian W. Bess Jr., Jeffrey D. Lifson, and Melissa Robbiani

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Drug transporter, P-glycoprotein (MDR1), is an integrated component of the mammalian blood-testis barrier, Linlin Su, C. Yan Cheng, and Dolores D. Mruk

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ECP Handbook: Introducing and Mainstreaming the Provision of Emergency Contraceptive Pills in Developing Countries, Sharif M.I. Hossain, M.E. Khan, Ricardo Vernon, Jill Keesbury, Ian Askew, John Townsend, and Victoria Rumbold

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Effectiveness of medical abortion with mifepristone and buccal misoprostol through 59 gestational days, Mary Fjerstad, Irving Sivin, E. Steve Lichtenberg, James Trussell, Kelly Cleland, and Vanessa Cullins

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Effect of sexual intercourse on the absorption of levonorgestrel after vaginal administration of 0.75 mg in Carraguard® gel: A randomized, cross-over, pharmacokinetic study, Vivian Brache, Horacio B. Croxatto, Narender Kumar, Régine Sitruk-Ware, Leila Cochón, Veronica Schiappacasse, Irving Sivin, Carla Muñoz, Robin A. Maguire, and Anibal Faundes

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Engaging men who have sex with men in operations research in Kenya, Washington Onyango-Ouma, Harriet Birungi, and Scott Geibel

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Enquête sur la contraception d'urgence (CU) au niveau des pharmacies, Nafissatou J. Diop, Babacar Mane, Ousseynou Faye, Cheikh Ibrahima Niang, Thiaba Thiaw, Aissatou Sano Coly, Fatou Mbow, and Youmane Niang Faye

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Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (Eps8) is a novel regulator of cell adhesion and the blood-testis barrier integrity in the seminiferous epithelium, Pearl P.Y. Lie, Dolores D. Mruk, Will M. Lee, and C. Yan Cheng

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Evaluation of Berhane Hewan: A program to delay child marriage in rural Ethiopia, Annabel Erulkar and Eunice N. Muthengi

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Evaluation of HIV counseling and testing in ANC settings and adherence to short course antiretroviral prophylaxis for PMTCT in Francistown, Botswana, Carolyn Baek, Tracy Creek, Lee Ann Jones, Louis Apicella, Jennifer Redner, and Naomi Rutenberg

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Exploring the lives of youth in the BPO sector: Findings from a study in Gurgaon, Monisha Vaid

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Extracellular matrix and its role in spermatogenesis, Michelle K.Y. Siu and C. Yan Cheng

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Family centred approach for HIV services: Pilot study in South Africa, Meredith Sheehy, Nomtandazo Patricia Mini, Tonicah Maphanga, and Scott E. Kellerman

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Feasibility and effectiveness of integrating provider-initiated testing and counselling within family planning services in Kenya, Wilson Liambila, Ian Askew, Juma Mwangi, Robert Ayisi, Josephine Kibaru, and Saiqa Mullick

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Female genital mutilation/cutting: Change is possible, Frontiers in Reproductive Health

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Female-initiated prevention: Integrating female condoms into HIV risk-reduction activities in Kenya, Population Council and Liverpool VCT Care & Treatment

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Final evaluation of the project for expanding the role of networks of people living with HIV/AIDS, Young-Mi Kim, John Lukwago, and Stella Neema

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Financial sustainability of reproductive health services—Understanding costs: An essential skill in reproductive health programs, Frontiers in Reproductive Health

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Focal adhesion kinase is a blood-testis barrier regulator, Erica R. Siu, Elissa W.P. Wong, Dolores D. Mruk, Catarina S. Porto, and C. Yan Cheng

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Formative evaluation: Presidential Initiative on AIDS Strategy for Communication to Youth, Netsayi N. Mudege and Chi-Chi Undie

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Gender and reproductive health services: Putting gender perspective into practice, Frontiers in Reproductive Health

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Gender norms in South Africa: Implications for HIV and pregnancy prevention among African and Indian women students at a South African tertiary institution, Joanne E. Mantell, Sarah L. Needham Engebretsen, Jennifer Ann Smit, Susie Hoffman, Queen Cebekhulu, Jessica Adams-Skinner, Theresa M. Exner, Zonke Mabude, Mags Beksinska, Zena A. Stein, and Cecilia Milford

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Guide pour les pilules de contraception d'urgence : Introduire et développer l'offre des pilules de contraception d'urgence dans les pays en voie de développement, Sharif M.I. Hossain, M.E. Khan, Ricardo Vernon, Jill Keesbury, Ian Askew, John Townsend, and Victoria Rumbold

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HIV testing, treatment and prevention: Generic tools for operational research, Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer, Sarah Bott, Patrizia Carrieri, Michelle Parsons, Julie Pulerwitz, Naomi Rutenberg, and Avina Sarna

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Hospice Africa Uganda: End-of-project evaluation of palliative care services, Annette Bongiovanni and Mary Alexis Greenan

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"If you start thinking positively, you won't miss sex": Narratives of sexual (in)activity among people living with HIV in Nairobi's informal settlements, Chi-Chi Undie, Abdhalah Kasiira Ziraba, Nyovani Janet Madise, John Kebaso, and Elizabeth Kimani-Murage

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Implementation of maternal health financial scheme in rural Bangladesh, Md. Moshiur Rahman, Ubaidur Rob, and Tasnima Kibria

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Improving the health care response to gender-based violence: Phase II, Meiwita P. Budiharsana and Mai Quoc Tung

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Improving the quality of family planning and reproductive tract infection services for urban slum populations: Demand-based reproductive health commodity project, Md. Noorunnabi Talukder, Ubaidur Rob, and Md. Mafizur Rahman

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Increased proliferation but decreased steroidogenic capacity in Leydig cells from mice lacking cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B, Han Lin, Guo-Xin Hu, Lei Dong, Qiang Dong, Motoko Mukai, Bing-Bing Chen, Denise R. Holsberger, Chantal M. Sottas, Paul S. Cooke, Qing-Quan Lian, Xiao-Kun Li, and Renshan Ge

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Integrating quality postnatal care into PMTCT in Swaziland, Goldy Mazia, I. Narayanan, Charlotte E. Warren, Mohammed Mahdi, P. Chibuye, A. Walligo, P. Mabuza, Rachel Shongwe, and M. Hainsworth

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Integration of services: Making integrated services a reality, Frontiers in Reproductive Health

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Intimate partner violence functions as both a risk marker and risk factor for women's HIV infection: Findings from Indian husband-wife dyads, Michele R. Decker, George R. Seage, David Hemenway, Anita Raj, Niranjan Saggurti, Balaiah Donta, and Jay G. Silverman

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Introduction and scaling-up of emergency contraception: Lessons learned from three regions, Araceli Fernández-Cerden, Ricardo Vernon, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Jill Keesbury, and M.E. Khan

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In utero and lactational exposures to diethylhexyl-phthalate affect two populations of Leydig cells in male Long-Evans rats, Han Lin, Qing-Quan Lian, Guo-Xin Hu, Yuan Jin, Yunhui Zhang, Dianne O. Hardy, Guo-Rong Chen, Zhong-Qiu Lu, Chantal M. Sottas, Matthew P. Hardy, and Renshan Ge

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Kenyan in-school youths' level of understanding of abstinence, being faithful, and consistent condom use terms: Implications for HIV-prevention programs, Tiffany Lillie, Julie Pulerwitz, and Barbara Curbow

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Kenya's fertility transition: Trends, determinants and implications for policy and programmes, Ian Askew, Alex C. Ezeh, John Bongaarts, and John Townsend

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KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health policy and guidelines for integrated ante and postnatal care at district hospital community health centre and clinic level, Population Council

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Leydig cells: From stem cells to aging, Haolin Chen, Renshan Ge, and Barry R. Zirkin

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Mainstreaming EC in Africa: The EC facilitative re-granting program—Final narrative report, Jill Keesbury, Wilson Liambila, Youmane Niang Faye, and Victoria Rumbold

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Mainstreaming emergency contraception in Kenya: Final project report, Jill Keesbury, Wilson Liambila, Francis Obare, and Paul Kuria

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Manual for designing community based interventions for preventing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) using misoprostol: Standardized pilot-test training manual, Saumya RamaRao, Tekle-Ab Mekbib, and Sarah Raifman

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Many vaginal microbicide trial participants acknowledged they had misreported sensitive sexual behavior in face-to-face interviews, Abigail Norris Turner, Alana de Kock, Amy Meehan-Ritter, Kelly Blanchard, Mohlatlego H. Sebola, Anwar Hoosen, Nicol Coetzee, and Charlotte Ellertson

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Maximizing utilization of research, Frontiers in Reproductive Health

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Medical response to male same-sex sexuality in western India: An exploration of 'conversion treatments' for homosexuality, Ketki Ranade

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Men who have sex with men and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, Adrian D. Smith, Placide Tapsoba, Norbert Peshu, Eduard J. Sanders, and Harold W. Jaffe

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Meta-analysis of 200 or 600 mg mifepristone in association with two prostaglandins for termination of early pregnancy, Michel Lièvre and Régine Sitruk-Ware

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Methods for female contraception: A model for innovation in drug delivery systems, Ruth Merkatz, Barbara A. Tokay, and Régine Sitruk-Ware

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Migration, mobility and sexual risk behavior in Mumbai, India: Mobile men with non-residential wife show increased risk, Niranjan Saggurti, Stephen L. Schensul, and Ravi K. Verma

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Mitogen-activated protein kinases in male reproductive function, Michelle W.M. Li, Dolores D. Mruk, and C. Yan Cheng

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Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) regulates glucocorticoid metabolism through 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 in murine gonadotrope cells, Dun Hong, Xing-Wang Li, Qing-Quan Lian, Pankaj Lamba, Daniel J. Bernard, Dianne O. Hardy, Hai-Xiao Chen, and Renshan Ge

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Multilevel perspectives on community intervention: An example from an Indo-US HIV prevention project in Mumbai, India, Stephen L. Schensul, Niranjan Saggurti, Rajendra Singh, Ravi K. Verma, Bonnie K. Nastasi, and Papiya Guha Mazumder

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Multi-sectoral approaches to preventing sexual assault and domestic violence: A collective force to stop the violence, Population Council

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Nitric oxide and cyclic nucleotides: Their roles in junction dynamics and spermatogenesis, Nikki P.Y. Lee and C. Yan Cheng

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Normal responses to restraint stress in mice lacking the gene for neuronal nitric oxide synthase, Ben-Avi Weissman, Chantal M. Sottas, Michael Holmes, Ping Zhou, Costantino Iadecola, Dianne O. Hardy, Renshan Ge, and Matthew P. Hardy

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Novel non-oral hormonal contraceptive methods for women, Anita Nath and Régine Sitruk-Ware

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Nurse auxiliaries as providers of intrauterine devices for contraception in Guatemala and Honduras, Ricardo Vernon

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Operational research for the introduction of an adolescent health package in the context of cervical cancer prevention, Marieke G. van Dijk, Katherine Wilson, Claudia Diaz, and Sandra G. Garcia

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Parenteral administration of progestins for hormonal replacement therapy, Anita Nath and Régine Sitruk-Ware

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Peptidergic not monoaminergic fibers profusely innervate the young adult human testis, Yong-Guang Gong, Ming-Ming Feng, Xiang-Nong Hu, Yi-Qiu Wang, Min Gu, Wei Zhang, and Renshan Ge

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Pharmacology and clinical applications of selective estrogen receptor modulators, Anita Nath and Régine Sitruk-Ware

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Phthalate-induced testicular dysgenesis syndrome: Leydig cell influence, Guo-Xin Hu, Qing-Quan Lian, Renshan Ge, Dianne O. Hardy, and Xiao-Kun Li

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Phthalate levels and low birth weight: A nested case-control study of Chinese newborns, Yunhui Zhang, Ling Lin, Yang Cao, Bingheng Chen, Lixing Zheng, and Renshan Ge

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Pilot community-based intervention to address the needs of elderly caregivers in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, Priscilla Reddy, Shegs James, H. Mutumba Bilay-Boon, Eka Esu-Williams, and Hena Khan

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Polarity proteins and cell–cell interactions in the testis, Elissa W.P. Wong and C. Yan Cheng

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Population policies, programmes and the environment, J. Joseph Speidel, Deborah Weiss, Sally A. Ethelston, and Sarah M. Gilbert

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Premarital sexual behaviour among unmarried college students of Gujarat, India, Rachna Sujay

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Prevalence of child marriage and its effect on fertility and fertility-control outcomes of young women in India: A cross-sectional, observational study, Anita Raj, Niranjan Saggurti, Donta Balaiah, and Jay G. Silverman

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Preventive service needs of young people perinatally infected with HIV in Uganda, Harriet Birungi, Francis Obare Onyango, John Frank Mugisha, Humphres Evelia, and Juliana K. Nyombi

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RAB13 participates in ectoplasmic specialization dynamics in the rat testis, Dolores D. Mruk and Ann S.N. Lau

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Rates of serious infection after changes in regimens for medical abortion, Mary Fjerstad, James Trussell, Irving Sivin, E. Steve Lichtenberg, and Vanessa Cullins

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Recent research on sexuality in East Africa, Harriet Birungi, Chi-Chi Undie, and Peter Aggleton

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Reference Guides for Health Care Organizations Seeking Accreditation for High-quality, Gender-sensitive Reproductive Health Services, Patricia Riveros, Erica Palenque, Ricardo Vernon, Ignacio Carreno, and John H. Bratt

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Reference Guides for Health Care Organizations Seeking Accreditation for High-quality, Gender-sensitive Reproductive Health Services—Appendixes, Patricia Riveros, Erica Palenque, Ricardo Vernon, Ignacio Carreno, and John H. Bratt

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Regulation of blood-testis barrier dynamics by focal adhesion kinase (FAK): An unexpected turn of events, C. Yan Cheng and Dolores D. Mruk

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Revitalizing family planning: Lessons learned on strengthening contraceptive provision, Frontiers in Reproductive Health

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Safety and availability of dapivirine (TMC120) delivered from an intravaginal ring, Joseph W. Romano, Bruce Variano, P. Coplan, J. Van Roey, K. Douville, Zeda Rosenberg, Marleen Temmerman, H. Verstraelen, L. Van Bortel, S. Weyers, and M. Mitchnick

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Sexual behavior and desires among adolescents perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Uganda: Implications for programming, Harriet Birungi, John Frank Mugisha, Francis Obare Onyango, and Juliana K. Nyombi

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Sexual risk reduction among married women and men in urban India: An anthropological intervention, Stephen L. Schensul, Ravi K. Verma, Bonnie K. Nastasi, Niranjan Saggurti, and Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada

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Sexual violence: Setting the research agenda for Kenya, Catherine Maternowska, Jill Keesbury, and Nduku Kilonzo

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Social context, sexual risk perceptions and stigma: HIV vulnerability among male sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya, Jerry Okal, Stanley Luchters, Scott Geibel, Matthew F. Chersich, Daniel Lango, and Marleen Temmerman

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Special needs of in-school HIV positive young people in Uganda, Francis Obare, Harriet Birungi, Anne Katahoire, Hannington Nkayivu, and Aggrey David Kibenge

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Standards required in maintaining the chain of evidence in the context of post rape care services: Findings of a study conducted in Kenya, Carol Ajema, Emily Rogena, Hadley Muchela, Buluma Bwire, and Nduku Kilonzo