The Population Council tackles intersecting inequalities that undermine rights and access to contraception, HIV and STI prevention, maternal and newborn health, safe abortion, prevention and treatment of infertility, and sexuality education, among other sexual and reproductive health needs. Our research and partnerships ensure high quality, evidence-based, voluntary, and rights-based comprehensive care for sexual and reproductive health.

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Submissions from 2020

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Family planning and safer conception among female sex workers living with HIV in Dar es Salaam, Eileen Yam, Catherine Kahabuka, Gaspar Mbita, Koheleth Winani, Louis Apicella, Caterina Casalini, and Zuhura Mbuguni

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Female clients' gender preferences for frontline health workers who provide maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) services at primary health care level in Nigeria, Ekechi Okereke, Godwin Unumeri, Akinwumi Akinola, George I. Eluwa, and Sylvia Adebajo

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Female genital mutilation/cutting: A review of laws and policies in Kenya and Nigeria, Samuel Kimani and Otibho Obianwu

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Female genital mutilation/cutting: Emerging factors sustaining medicalization related changes in selected Kenyan communities, Samuel Kimani, Caroline W. Kabiru, Jacinta Muteshi-Strachan, and Jaldesa Guyo

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Female genital mutilation/cutting in Nigeria: Is the practice declining? A descriptive analysis of successive demographic and health surveys and multiple indicator cluster surveys (2003–2017), Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala, Glory Atilola, Chibuzor Christopher Nnanatu, Emmanuel Ogundimu, Lubanzadio Mavatikua, Paul Komba, Zhuzhi Moore, and Dennis Matanda

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Female genital mutilation/cutting in Senegal: Is the practice declining? Descriptive analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys, 2005–2017, Dennis Matanda, Glory Atilola, Zhuzhi Moore, Paul Komba, Lubanzadio Mavatikua, Chibuzor Christopher Nnanatu, and Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala

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Fertility preferences and behaviors among younger cohorts in Egypt: Recent trends, correlates, and prospects for change, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Shadia Attia, Nourhan Bader, Rania Roushdy, Shatha El-Nakib, and Doaa Oraby

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Final evaluation results: Expanding access to secondary school education for teenage mothers in Homa Bay County, Chi-Chi Undie, Harriet Birungi, George Odwe, and Francis Obare

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Frontline Health: Harmonizing metrics, advancing evidence, accelerating policy—Project overview brief, Frontline Health Project

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Gaining traction: Promising shifts in gender norms and intimate partner violence in the context of a community-based HIV prevention trial in South Africa, Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Nicole Haberland, Rhandzekile Mathebula, Dumisani Rebombo, Kathryn Spielman, Rebecca West, Aimée Julien, Rhian Twine, Dean Peacock, Mi-Suk Kang, Dufour F. Xavier, F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Audrey Pettifor, Sheri A. Lippman, and Kathleen Kahn

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Gender and Power Metrics Database: A living database of scales that have been used to measure constructs of gender, agency, power, and control, Evidence Project

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Health care providers' and mothers' perceptions about the medicalization of female genital mutilation or cutting in Egypt: A cross-sectional qualitative study [Arabic], Omaima El-Gibaly and Mirette Aziz

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Health systems software factors and their effect on the integration of sexual and reproductive health and HIV services, Susannah H. Mayhew, Charlotte E. Warren, Charity Ndwiga, Manjulaa Narasimhan, Rose Wilcher, Richard Mutemwa, Timothy Abuya, and Manuela Colombini

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Health workers' outreach and intention to use contraceptives among married women in India, Abhishek Kumar, Anrudh K. Jain, Faujdar Ram, Rajib Acharya, Ankita Shukla, Arupendra Mozumdar, and Niranjan Saggurti

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Health workforce demography: A framework to improve understanding of the health workforce and support achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, Sylvia Szabo, Andrea Nove, Zoe Matthews, Ashish Bajracharya, Ibadat Dhillon, Devendra Raj Singh, Aurora Saares, and James Campbell

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High blood pressure: Pregnant and postpartum women face hidden danger, Charlotte E. Warren and Pooja Sripad

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High Impact Practices—Detecting and managing hypertension in the extended postnatal period: Preventing postnatal pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, Charlotte E. Warren

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High Impact Practices—Encouraging empowerment and self-care through participatory women’s groups and group antenatal care: Supporting women to be at the center of their own care as active participants, Tracy McClair

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High Impact Practices—Task sharing for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: Improving early detection and management of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, Karen Kirk

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HIV status disclosure by Nigerian men who have sex with men and transgender women living with HIV: A cross-sectional analysis at enrollment into an observational cohort, Abdulwasiu B. Tiamiyu, John Lawlor, Fengming Hu, Afoke Kokogho, Manhattan E. Charurat, Charles Ekeh, Merlin L. Robb, Sylvia Adebajo, George I. Eluwa, Julie Ake, Stefan Baral, Rebecca G. Nowak, Trevor A. Crowell, and TRUST/RV368 Study Group

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HIV vulnerability among adolescent girls and young women: A multi-country latent class analysis approach, Sanyukta Mathur, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Sangram Kishor Patel, Jerry Okal, Victor Mwapasa, Effie Chipeta, Maurice Musheke, Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, and Julie Pulerwitz

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ICA Foundation supports LNG IUS access in low- and middle-income countries, Population Council

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Implementation process brief: Integrated family planning and HIV services at the community level in Kenya, Wilson Liambila, Sara Chace Dwyer, Charlotte E. Warren, Aparna Jain, Melsa Lutomia, Jane Loech, and Elizabeth Washika

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Implementing a multi-sectoral HIV prevention program: Insights from the DREAMS Implementation Science research portfolio, Sanyukta Mathur, Jerry Okal, and Julie Pulerwitz

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Important lessons on FGM/C abandonment from four research studies in Egypt, Nada Wahba, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, and Abeer Salem

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Improving data reporting to NHMIS from the private sector in Nigeria: Lessons from a DHIS2 pilot with community pharmacists and patent and proprietary medicine vendors, Population Council

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Improving reproductive health and family planning outcomes among out-of-school adolescents and youth in the Philippines, Breakthrough RESEARCH and De La Salle University

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Improving the documentation of female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) abandonment interventions and their evaluations, Caroline W. Kabiru

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Increasing role of abstinence and infecundity in non-use of contraceptive methods in India, Preeti Dhillon, Govind Singh, Faujdar Ram, Pradeep Kumar, and Niranjan Saggurti

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Increasing use of antenatal care services among women in Kebbi State, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Increasing use of antenatal care services among women in Sokoto State, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Increasing use of antenatal care services among women in Zamfara State, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Infection prevention preparedness and practices for female sterilization services within primary care facilities in Northern India, Abhishek Kumar, Abhishek Gautam, Arnab Dey, Ruhi Saith, U Uttamacharya, Pranita Achyut, Vandana Gautam, Dinesh Agarwal, Amit Chakraverty, Arupendra Mozumdar, Kumudha Aruldas, Ravi K. Verma, Priya Nanda, Suneeta Krishnan, and Niranjan Saggurti

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Infertility: A continually neglected component of sexual and reproductive health and rights, Jessica D. Gipson, Marta J. Bornstein, and Michelle J. Hindin

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Infographic—Getting to market: Roadmap for user access, Saumya RamaRao, Wilson Liambila, Fatou Mbow, and Avishek Hazra

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Innovating and validating measures of complex concepts, Evidence Project

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Insights to improve social and behavior change programming through a focus on the attributes of behaviors, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Internalized stigma among people living with HIV: Assessing the Internalized AIDS-Related Stigma Scale in four countries, Scott Geibel; Ann Gottert; Barbara Friedland; Jeremiah Kidola; Tracy McClair; Christoforos Mallouris; Stella Kentutsi; Julian Hows; Laurel Sprague; Julie Pulerwitz; and PLHIV Stigma Index 2.0 Study Group in Cambodia, the Dominican Republic and Uganda

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In the response to COVID‐19, we can’t forget health system commitments to contraception and family planning, John Townsend; Petra ten Hoope-Bender; Jill Sheffield; and The FIGO Contraception, Family Planning Committee

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Intrahousehold influence on contraceptive use among married Indian women: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey 2015–16, Mukesh Ranjan, Arupendra Mozumdar, Rajib Acharya, Subrato Mondal, and Niranjan Saggurti

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Introduction of DMPA-SC self-injection in Ghana: A feasibility and acceptability study using Sayana® Press, Dela Nai, Patrick Aboagye, Kamil Fuseini, Elizabeth Tobey, Aparna Jain, Nora Maresh, and Rebecca Fertziger

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Introduction to the ADVICE project: Advancing integrated FP/HIV counseling with evidence, Eileen Yam

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Investing in social and behavior change is cost-effective for increasing modern contraceptive use in Niger, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Investing in social and behavior change is cost-effective for increasing modern contraceptive use in Togo, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Investir dans le changement social et comportemental est rentable pour augmenter l'utilisation de la contraception moderne au Niger, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Investir dans le changement social et comportemental est rentable pour augmenter l'utilisation de la contraception moderne au Togo, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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"I think this is the only challenge… the stigma” Stakeholder perceptions about barriers to antenatal care (ANC) and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) uptake in Kano state, Nigeria, Osasuyi Dirisu, George I. Eluwa, Eseoghene Adams, Kwasi Torpey, Oladapo Shittu, and Sylvia Adebajo

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"It is always better for a man to know his HIV status" — A qualitative study exploring the context, barriers and facilitators of HIV testing among men in Nairobi, Kenya, Jerry Okal, Daniel Lango, James K. Matheka, Francis Obare, Carol Ngunu-Gituathi, Mary Mugambi, and Avina Sarna

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‘I will welcome this one 101%, I will so embrace it’: A qualitative exploration of the feasibility and acceptability of HIV self-testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Lagos, Nigeria, Osasuyi Dirisu, Adekemi Sekoni, Lung Vu, Sylvia Adebajo, Jean Njab, Elizabeth Shoyemi, Sade Ogunsola, and Waimar Tun

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Ƙaruwar amfani da ayyukan awon-ciki tsakanin mata a jihar Kebbi, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Karuwar amfani da ayyukan awon-ciki tsakanin mata a jihar Sokoto, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Ƙaruwar amfani da ayyukan awon-ciki tsakanin mata a jihar Zamfara, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Knowledge of pharmacy workers on antihypertensive and anticonvulsant drugs for managing pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in Bangladesh, Shongkour Roy, Kanij Sultana, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Pooja Sripad, and Charlotte E. Warren

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Lessons from a five-year research programme on FGM/C and their relevance for policy and programmes in Kenya, Dennis Matanda, Agnes K. Meroka-Mutua, and Samuel Kimani

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Level of adherence and associated factors among HIV-positive adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon, Mbuwir Charlotte Bongfen, Kwasi Torpey, John Ganle, and Augustine Ankomah

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Looking at the bigger picture: Effect of performance-based contracting of district health services on equity of access to maternal health services in Zambia, Collins Chansa, Mulenga Mukanu, Chitalu Miriam Chama-Chiliba, Mpuma Kamanga, Nicholas Chikwenya, Benjamin Bellows, and Naasegnibe Kuunibe

Looking Back, Looking Forward: Using Evidence to Inform Sexual and Reproductive Health Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic—Webinar, Saumya RamaRao, Kristin Bietsch, Julia N. White, Johannes van Dam, and Ann K. Blanc

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Malaria: Insights for improving malaria, family planning, and maternal and child health outcomes in northwestern Nigeria through social and behavior change programming, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Male adolescents’ gender attitudes and violence: Implications for youth violence prevention, Elizabeth Miller, Alison J. Culyba, Taylor Paglisotti, Michael Massof, Qi Gao, Katie A. Ports, Jane Kato-Wallace, Julie Pulerwitz, Dorothy L. Espelage, Kaleab Z. Abebe, and Kelley A. Jones

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Male reproductive function and fecundity, Michael Mbizvo and Tendai M. Chiware

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Masculine gender ideologies, intimate partner violence, and alcohol use increase risk for genital tract infections among men, Kiyomi Tsuyuki, Balaiah Donta, Anindita Dasgupta, Paul Fleming, Mohan Ghule, Madhusudana Battala, Saritha Nair, Jay G. Silverman, Niranjan Saggurti, and Anita Raj

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Measurement of anticipated stigma: A barrier to family planning use among married youth, Evidence Project

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Measurement of female genital mutilation/cutting status: Perspectives from healthcare providers, policymakers, programme implementers, and researchers, Dennis Matanda

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Measurement that matters: Understanding quality of care from clients’ perspectives, Leah Jarvis, Katey Peck, Sara Chace Dwyer, Erika Martin, and Aparna Jain

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Measuring service quality and assessing its relationship to contraceptive discontinuation: A prospective cohort study in Pakistan and Uganda, Karen T. Chang, Nirali M. Chakraborty, Amanda Kalamar, Waqas Hameed, Benjamin Bellows, Karen A. Grépin, Xaher Gul, Sarah E.K. Bradley, Lynn M. Atuyambe, and Dominic Montagu

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Medicalisation of female genital mutilation (FGM) in Kenya, Samuel Kimani, Caroline W. Kabiru, Jacinta Muteshi, and Jakdesa Guyo

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Men and COVID-19: Adding a gender lens, Myra Betron, Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Dominick Shattuck, and Natacha Stevanovic-Fenn

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Men’s needs and women’s fears: Gender-related power dynamics in contraceptive use and coping with consequences in a rural setting in Kenya, Francis Obare, George Odwe, and John C. Cleland

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Metrics for monitoring and improving quality of care in family planning, Evidence Project

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Midterm evaluation of USAID Tulonge Afya Project, Catherine Kahabuka, Salum Mshamu, Nrupa Jani, and Kamden Hoffmann

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Migration and family planning in the state with highest total fertility rate in India, Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, Niranjan Saggurti, Raman Mishra, Monika Walia, and Saradiya Mukherjee

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Modeling HIV transmission from sexually active alcohol-consuming men in ART programs to seronegative wives, Kevin D. Dieckhaus, Toan Ha, Stephen L. Schensul, and Avina Sarna

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Modeling the impact of inclusion of family planning services in Ghana's National Health Insurance scheme, Justin Archer, Gillian Eva, Augustine Ankomah, Saumya RamaRao, Kamil Fuseini, Anne Coolen, Stephen Duku, and Benjamin Bellows

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Modelling and mapping of regional disparities associated with female genital mutilation/cutting prevalence among girls aged 0–14 Years in Senegal: Evidence from Senegal (SDHS) Surveys 2005–2017, Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala, Paul Komba, Chibuzor Christopher Nnanatu, Glory Atilola, Lubanzadio Mavatikua, Zhuzhi Moore, and Dennis Matanda

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Modelling and mapping of state disparities associated with female genital mutilation/cutting prevalence among girls aged 0–14 years in Nigeria: Evidence from DHS and MICS 2003–2017, Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala, Paul Komba, Chibuzor Christopher Nnanatu, Glory Atilola, Lubanzadio Mavatikua, Zhuzhi Moore, and Dennis Matanda

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Multiple HPV infections among men who have sex with men engaged in anal cancer screening in Abuja, Nigeria, Rebecca G. Nowak, Lisa M. Schumaker, Nicholas P. Ambulos, Nicaise Ndembi, Wuese Dauda, Chineda H. Nnaji, Andrew Mitchell, Trevor J. Mathias, Paul Jibrin, Teresa M. Darragh, Oluwole Olaomi, Trevor A. Crowell, Stefan Baral, Manhattan E. Charurat, Søren M. Bentzen, Joel M. Palefsky, Kevin J. Cullen, TRUST/RV368 Study Group, and Elizabeth Shoyemi

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National guidelines for school re-entry in early learning and basic education, Ministry of Education

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No to circumcision’: The road to effective social marketing campaigns in Egypt [Arabic], Salma Abou Hussein and Sarah Ghattass

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Obstacles limitant la détection et la prise en charge de l’HPP par les prestataires de soins de santé à Madagascar, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Opportunities and challenges of delivering postabortion care and postpartum family planning during the COVID-19 pandemic, Anne Pfitzer, Eva Lathrop, Alison Bodenheimer, Saumya RamaRao, Megan Christofield, Patricia MacDonald, Bethany Arnold, Neeta Bhatnagar, Erin Mielke, and Meridith Mikulich

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Opportunities for SGBV data collection in the time of COVID-19: The value of implementation science, Chi-Chi Undie, Sanyukta Mathur, Nicole Haberland, Isabel Vieitez Martínez, and Julie Pulerwitz

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Overview of High Impact Practices for Improved Prevention, Detection, and Management of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy, Population Council

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Participation and membership in microfinance based self help groups in India, Danish Ahmad, Itismita Mohanty, Laili Irani, Dileep Mavalankar, and Theo Nivonseng

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Pattern and correlates of out-of-pocket payment (OOP) on female sterilization in India, 1990–2014, Sanjay Kumar Mohanty, Suyash Mishra, Sayantani Chatterjee, and Niranjan Saggurti

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Perceptions and use of non-pneumatic anti-shock garments for management of postpartum hemorrhage in Malawi, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Piloting and evaluating family-centered HIV care in Eswatini, Caspian Chouraya, Nobuble Mthethwa, Lynne Mofenson, Philisiwe Khumalo, Lydia Mpango, Munamato Mirira, Rhoderick Machekano, Leila Katirayi, and Kim Ashburn

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Piloting respectful maternity care solutions: Research findings from a study in Zambia, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Policy brief: Fertility preferences and behaviors among younger cohorts in Egypt: Recent trends, correlates, and prospects for change [Arabic], Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Shadia Attia, Nourhan Bader, Rania Roushdy, Shatha El-Nakib, and Doaa Oraby

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Poor women's reproductive health and family planning challenges and needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, Population Council

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Population Council-led partnership influences national and global efforts to end female genital mutilation/cutting, Population Council

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Practice-based learning: Establishing simple monitoring systems to support SGBV programming in refugee settings, Chi-Chi Undie, Josephine Ngebeh, Jane Harriet Namwebya, Michael Gaitho, George Odwe, Nachela Chelwa, Harriet Birungi, and Michael Mbizvo

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Practice-based learning: Medico-legal evidence collection as part of post-rape care in refugee contexts, Michael Gaitho, Ronald Kotut, Anne Ngunjiri, Jane T. Thiomi, Josephine Ngebeh, and Chi-Chi Undie

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Pratiques du HCR et de ses partenaires en matière de protection communautaire dans les secteurs dans la région de l’Afrique de l’Est, de la Corne de l’Afrique et des Grands Lacs, Charles Mballa, Josephine Ngebeh, Machtelt De Vriese, Katie Drew, Abigayil Parr, and Chi-Chi Undie

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Pregnancy and childbirth: Insights for improving malaria, family planning, and maternal and child health outcomes in northwestern Nigeria through social and behavior change programming, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Preprint—Family and provider perceptions of quality of care in the management of sick young infants in primary health care settings in four counties of Kenya, Samuel Mbugua, Jesse Gitaka, Tabither Gitau, George Odwe, Peter Mwaura, Wilson Liambila, Charity Ndwiga, Kezia K'Oduol, Charlotte E. Warren, and Timothy Abuya

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Preprint—Intraindividual coexistence of anthropometric undernutrition and "metabolic obesity" in Indian children: A paradox that needs action, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, Akash Porwal, Avina Sarna, Rajib Acharya, Sowmya Ramesh, Umesh Kapil, and Anura V. Kurpad

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Prestation de soins de maternels respectueux: conclusions d'une evaluation à petite echelle à Chipata en Zambie, Breakthrough RESEARCH

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Prevalence and characteristics of HIV drug resistance among antiretroviral treatment (ART) experienced adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Ndola, Zambia, Sam Miti, Ray Handema, Lloyd Mulenga, Jonathan Kaunda Mwansa, Elizabeth A. Abrams, Christiana Frimpong, Virginia M. Burke, Mangani Zulu, Mpanji Siwingwa, David Mwakazanga, Sam Kalibala, and Julie Denison

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Prevalence and correlates of perceived infertility in Ghana, Chelsea B. Polis, Easmon Otupiri, Michelle J. Hindin, Doris W. Chiu, Sarah C. Keogh, Cara Aidoo, Roderick Larsen-Reindorf, and Suzanne O. Bell

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Program effects of DREAMS among adolescent girls and young women in Kisumu County, Kenya: Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council