DREAMS (Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored and Safe) is a public-private partnership to reduce rates of HIV among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in the highest HIV burden countries. The Population Council assessed activities taking place under DREAMS to understand whether they improved HIV-related outcomes and, if so, how. The implementation science studies explored whether the beneficiaries were reached and retained in services, how different components of the DREAMS package were delivered to the target groups, and ultimately whether HIV risk among adolescent girls and young women and their male partners was reduced.

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Articles (peer-reviewed)

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"A man without money getting a sexual partner? It doesn’t exist in our community": Male partners’ perspectives on transactional sexual relationships in Uganda and Eswatini, Julie Pulerwitz, C. Valenzuela, Ann Gottert, Godfrey Siu, Patrick Shabangu, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Assessing layered HIV prevention programming: Optimizing outcomes for adolescent girls and young women, Sanyukta Mathur, Raman Mishra, Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, Craig Heck, and Jerry Okoth Okal

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Assessing the vulnerability and risks of adolescent girls and young women in East and Southern Africa: A preliminary review of the tools in use, B. Jane Ferguson, Sanyukta Mathur, and Alice Armstrong

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Creating HIV risk profiles for men in South Africa: A latent class approach using cross-sectional survey data, Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Craig Heck, Cherie Cawood, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Effects of men’s lifetime adverse events experience on violence, HIV risk, and wellbeing: Insights from three countries, Julie Pulerwitz, Tracy McClair, Ann Gottert, Patrick Shabangu, Cherie Cawood, Effie Chipeta, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Evaluating the impact of the DREAMS partnership to reduce HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women in four settings: A study protocol, Isolde Birdthistle, Susan B. Schaffnit, Daniel Kwaro, Maryam Shahmanesh, Abdhalah Ziraba, Caroline W. Kabiru, Penelope Phillips-Howard, Natsayi Chimbindi, Kenneth Ondeng'E, Annabelle Gourlay, Frances M. Cowan, James R. Hargreaves, Bernadette Hensen, Tarisai Chiyaka, Judith R. Glynn, and Sian Floyd

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Girl-only clubs’ influence on SRH knowledge, HIV risk reduction, and negative SRH outcomes among very young adolescent girls in rural Malawi, Wanangwa Chimwaza Manda, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Mphatso Kamndaya, Sanyukta Mathur, and Yandisa Sikweyiya

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High rates of sexual violence by both intimate and non-intimate partners experienced by adolescent girls and young women in Kenya and Zambia: Findings around violence and other negative health outcomes, Sanyukta Mathur, Jerry Okal, Maurice Musheke, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Sangram Kishor Patel, Ruchira Bhattacharya, Nrupa Jani, James K. Matheka, Lunda Banda, Drosin Mulenga, and Julie Pulerwitz

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HIV vulnerability among adolescent girls and young women: A multi-country latent class analysis approach, Sanyukta Mathur, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Sangram Kishor Patel, Jerry Okal, Victor Mwapasa, Effie Chipeta, Maurice Musheke, Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, and Julie Pulerwitz

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How empowered are girls/young women in their sexual relationships? Relationship power, HIV risk, and partner violence in Kenya, Julie Pulerwitz, Sanyukta Mathur, and Daniel Woznica

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Impact of DREAMS interventions on attitudes towards gender norms among adolescent girls and young women: Findings from a prospective cohort in Kenya, Kate Andrews Nelson, Faith Magut, Sarah Mulwa, Jane Osindo, Vivienne Kamire, Sammy Khagayi, Julie Pulerwitz, Sarah Cook, Annabelle Gourlay, Abdhalah Ziraba, Daniel Kwaro, Sian Floyd, and Isolde Birdthistle

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Inroads for HIV prevention among men: Findings from mixed methods research in the context of the DREAMS partnership in Southern Africa, Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Craig Heck, Patrick Shabangu, Bhekumusa Lukhele, Cherie Cawood, David Khanyile, Louis Apicella, Jerry Okoth Okal, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Intersections of financial agency, gender dynamics, and HIV risk: A qualitative study with adolescent girls and young women in Zambia, Laura Gauer Bermudez, Drosin Mulenga, Maurice Musheke, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Male partners of young women in Uganda: Understanding their relationships and use of HIV testing, Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Godfrey Siu, Anne Katahoire, Jerry Okal, Florence Ayebare, Nrupa Jani, Pamela Keilig, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Multisectoral, combination HIV prevention for adolescent girls and young women: A qualitative study of the DREAMS implementation trajectory in Zambia, Joseph G. Rosen, Maurice Musheke, Drosin Mulenga, Edith S. Namukonda, Nrupa Jani, Michael Mbizvo, Julie Pulerwitz, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Oral PrEP consultations among adolescent girls and young women in Kisumu County, Kenya: Insights from the DREAMS program, Craig Heck, Sanyukta Mathur, Habel Alwang’a, Oluoch-Madiang’ Daniel, Rael Obanda, Mophine Owiti, and Jerry Okal

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Provider perspectives on PrEP for adolescent girls and young women in Tanzania: The role of provider biases and quality of care, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Nrupa Jani, Sanyukta Mathur, Catherine Kahabuka, Vaibhav Saria, Neema Makyao, Louis Apicella, and Julie Pulerwitz

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Relationship dynamics and anticipated stigma: Key considerations for PrEP use among Tanzanian adolescent girls and young women and male partners, Nrupa Jani, Sanyukta Mathur, Catherine Kahabuka, Neema Makyao, and Nanlesta Pilgrim

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Social support and very young adolescent girl’s knowledge on sexual relationships: A comparative qualitative study of Girl Only Clubs’ participants and non-participants in rural Malawi, Wanangwa Chimwaza Manda, Mphatso Kamndaya, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Sanyukta Mathur, Effie Chipeta, and Yandisa Sikweyiya

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Temporal shifts in HIV-related risk factors among cohorts of adolescent girls and young women enrolled in DREAMS programming: Evidence from Kenya, Malawi and Zambia, Sanyukta Mathur, Craig Heck, Sangram Kishor Patel, Jerry Okoth Okal, Effie Chipeta, Victor Mwapasa, Wanangwa Chimwaza Manda, Maurice Musheke, Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, Julie Pulerwitz, and Nanlesta Pilgrim

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Unit costs of a community-based girl-centered HIV prevention program: A case study of Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-Free, Mentored, and Safe program, Jerry Okoth Okal, Japheth O. Awiti, James K. Matheka, Oluoch-Madiang’ Daniel, Rael Obanda, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Which intervention synergies maximize AGYW's HIV outcomes? A classification and regression tree analysis of layered HIV prevention programming, Sanyukta Mathur, Bidhubhusan Mahapatra, Raman Mishra, Craig Heck, and Michael Mbizvo

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Who are the male partners of adolescent girls and young women in Swaziland? Analysis of survey data from community venues across 19 DREAMS districts, Zahra Reynolds, Ann Gottert, Erin Luben, Bheki Mamba, Patrick Shabangu, Nsindiso Dlamini, Muhle Dlamini, Sanyukta Mathur, and Julie Pulerwitz

Briefs

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Adolescent girls and young women’s perceptions of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis introduction in Tanzania: Findings from implementation science research, Population Council

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Assessment of comprehensive HIV-risk reduction programming for adolescent girls and young women: Implementation science research in Kenya, Population Council

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Assessment of comprehensive HIV-risk reduction programming for adolescent girls and young women: Implementation science research in Zambia, Population Council

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Considerations for PrEP introduction to adolescent girls and young women: Implementation science research in Tanzania, Population Council

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Effective engagement of male partners of adolescent girls and young women in HIV services: Implementation science research in Swaziland, Population Council

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Effective engagement of male partners of adolescent girls and young women in South Africa, Population Council

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Effective engagement of male partners of adolescent girls and young women in Uganda, Population Council

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Engaging male partners of adolescent girls and young women in HIV services in Malawi: Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Project SOAR

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Hearing from men in Eswatini: Shifts in HIV risk and service uptake—Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council

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Hearing from men in South Africa: Shifts in HIV risk and service uptake—Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council

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Hearing from men in Uganda: Experiences with HIV services and prevention programming, and perceptions of DREAMS—Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council

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How to reduce HIV risk among adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa? Implementation science around the DREAMS Initiative, Population Council

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Introducing oral pre-exposure prophylaxis to adolescent girls and young women in Tanzania: Overview of findings from implementation science research, Population Council

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Male partners of adolescent girls and young women: Relationship characteristics and HIV risk—Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council

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Men's perceptions of PrEP use by their adolescent and young adult female partners in Tanzania in Tanzania: Findings from implementation science research, Population Council

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Parents' and guardians' perceptions of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis introduction in Tanzania: Findings from implementation science research, Population Council

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Policymakers' perceptions of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis introduction in Tanzania: Findings from implementation science research, Population Council

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Program effects of DREAMS among adolescent girls and young women in Kisumu County, Kenya: Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council

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Program effects of DREAMS among adolescent girls and young women in Zambia: Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council

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Providers' views on PrEP for adolescent girls and young women in Tanzania: Findings from implementation science research, Population Council

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Reducing HIV risk among adolescent girls and young women, and their partners through the DREAMS Partnership in Malawi, Project SOAR

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Reducing HIV risk among young women and their partners: Highlights from the DREAMS implementation science research portfolio, Population Council

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Stakeholder considerations for PrEP introduction to adolescent girls and young women: Laying the groundwork for research utilization in Tanzania, Population Council

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What are adolescent girls' and young women's pregnancy experiences, fertility desires, and HIV-related risk behaviors? Findings from DREAMS implementation science research in Zambia, Population Council

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What do we know about the HIV risk characteristics of adolescent girls and young women in Kenya? Findings from DREAMS Implementation Science research, Population Council

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What do we know about the HIV risk characteristics of adolescent girls and young women in Zambia? Findings from DREAMS implementation science research, Population Council

Commentaries

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PrEP introduction for adolescent girls and young women, Sanyukta Mathur, Nanlesta Pilgrim, and Julie Pulerwitz

Data Sets

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Dataset: DREAMS Implementation Science: Phase 1 Analysis Data, Kenya, Sanyukta Mathur, Jerry Okal, Nanlesta Pilgrim, James K. Matheka, Nrupa Jani, and Julie Pulerwitz

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Dataset: DREAMS Implementation Science: Phase 1 Analysis Data, Zambia, Sanyukta Mathur, Maurice Musheke, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Drosin Mulenga, Lunda Banda, Nrupa Jani, and Julie Pulerwitz

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Dataset: Male partners of young women in Uganda: Understanding their relationships and use of HIV testing, Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Anne Katahoire, Jerry Okal, Florence Ayebare, Nrupa Jani, Pamela Keilig, and Sanyukta Mathur

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DREAMS implementation science: All Round 1 Data, Kenya, Sanyukta Mathur, Jerry Okal, Nanlesta Pilgrim, James Matheka, Nrupa Jani, and Julie Pulerwitz

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DREAMS implementation science: All Round 1 Data, Malawi, Sanyukta Mathur, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Effie Chipeta, Victor Mwapasa, and Wanangwa Chimwaza Manda

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DREAMS implementation science: All Round 1 Data, Zambia, Sanyukta Mathur, Maurice Musheke, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Drosin Mulenga, Lunda Banda, Nrupa Jani, and Julie Pulerwitz

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DREAMS Implementation Science: Data from surveys with men in Eswatini (Round 2), Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Patrick Shabangu, Bhekumusa Lukhele, Louis Apicella, and Sanyukta Mathur

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DREAMS Implementation Science: Data from surveys with men in South Africa (Round 1 & 2), Ann Gottert, Julie Pulerwitz, Cherie Cawood, David Khanyile, and Sanyukta Mathur

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DREAMS implementation science: Round 2 Data, Kenya, Sanyukta Mathur, Jerry Okal, Nanlesta Pilgrim, James Matheka, Nrupa Jani, and Julie Pulerwitz

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DREAMS implementation science: Round 2 Data, Malawi, Sanyukta Mathur, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Effie Chipeta, Victor Mwapasa, and Wanangwa Chimwaza Manda

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DREAMS implementation science: Round 2 Data, Zambia, Sanyukta Mathur, Maurice Musheke, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Drosin Mulenga, Lunda Banda, Nrupa Jani, and Julie Pulerwitz

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Replication Data for: Provider perspectives on PrEP for adolescent girls and young women in Tanzania: The role of provider biases and quality of care, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Nrupa Jani, Sanyukta Mathur, Catherine Kahabuka, Vaibhav Saria, Neema Makyao, Louis Apicella, and Julie Pulerwitz

Guides/Toolkits

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Building evidence to guide PrEP introduction for adolescent girls and young women, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Sanyukta Mathur, Ann Gottert, Naomi Rutenberg, and Julie Pulerwitz

Presentations

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Evidence around engaging men in HIV prevention and treatment, Julie Pulerwitz, Ann Gottert, Jerry Okal, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Implementing a multi-sectoral HIV prevention program: Insights from the DREAMS Implementation Science research portfolio, Sanyukta Mathur, Jerry Okal, and Julie Pulerwitz

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Lessons from implementation science: Key to curbing the global HIV epidemic, Julie Pulerwitz

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Reaching 90-90-90: Evidence from Project SOAR to strengthen the HIV response, Scott Geibel

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Reducing HIV risk for adolescent girls and young women and their male partners: Insights from the DREAMS Partnership, Sanyukta Mathur

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Reducing HIV risk for adolescent girls and young women and their male partners: Learnings from the DREAMS Partnership, Julie Pulerwitz, Ann Gottert, Jerry Okal, and Sanyukta Mathur

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Reducing HIV risk for men and male partners of adolescent girls and young women in Eswatini: Learnings from the DREAMS Partnership, Ann Gottert

Reports

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Evidence to support HIV prevention for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) and their male partners: Results from Malawi Dreams studies with AGYW, male partners of AGYW, men living with HIV, and program implementing partners, Nanlesta Pilgrim, Victor Mwapasa, Effie Chipeta, Wanangwa Chimwaza Manda, Nrupa Jani, Tracy McClair, Lyson Tenthani, and Sanyukta Mathur